Mars: A Last Frontier Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

impair A Last FrontierABSTRACT In this paper, I will drive to present a general discussion of Mars and attempt to explain some of the history and reasons why Mars has been a fixture of human imagination. Ultimately, I hope that my overview will help the reader understand Mars and what is fact and science fiction c oncerning the possibilities of traveling, living on, and discovering life on Mars.Mars has once once more gained national notoriety and graced the front pages of many popular magazines in recent months. The possibility that life existed on Mars has gotten the science community in a frenzy over renewed possibilities for continued exploration of this mysterious planet. natural evidence of life on Mars is hinged on the conjecture that water once was abundant in the Martian atmosphere. The quest to prove that water and discover if life did exist has spurred international cooperation in sponsoring various missions to Mars. Curiosity about Mars is not a new phenomena. In fact , Mars has been present in literature, film, and tuner for hundreds of years. Perhaps, one of the most poignant examples of Martian influence in our the worlds media is the radio adaptation of H.G. Wells The War of the Worlds given by Orson Welles. Welles, in this fictional address intended to sound like a broadcast, reported that Martians had landed at Grovers Mill, New Jersey. Welles conveyed that the world would meet impending doom (http//humbabe.arc.nasa.gov/mgcm/fun/pop.html). Thousands of Americans who tuned in after Welles explained to the audience was fiction believed that New Jersey had truly been invaded, and a brief panic ensued. Welles rectified the crisis by reiterating that the address was absolutely untrue. However, the panic inci... ...ize the planets magnetic fields and ultimately help determine the planets core temperature, and finally the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) which will measure the height of the Martian surfaces by rapidly firing infrared argus- eyed and measuring the time it takes for the light to be reflected back to the spacecraft (http//mgs-www.jpl.nasa.gov/mgs/mgsbroca.html). These new technologies will hopefully provide new insight into the mysteries of this planet. People in the space program are truly optimistic about what this unmanned series of missions to Mars over the course of the next decade will yield. Research universities, NASA and aerospace firms hope to eventually send human beings to Mars and possibly even colonize the planet (Begley, p.54). The turn of the next century will be an exciting time for the space industry as science fiction very well may become a reality.

Edgar Allan Poes The Premature Burial :: essays research papers

The Mind vs. the UndeadThe Romantic Era was a time when writers wrote with passion in relation to elements of writing such as the imaginative or supernatural, the improbable, the sentimental, and the horrifying. Edgar Allan Poe was one of the many writers who theatrical roled elements such as these in his writings. Poe was famous for reflecting the dark aspects of his mind in a story, creating detailed imagery challenging the reader. The fantastic and supernatural elements are expressed in The Premature Burial as impossible and in a sense, horrifying. The idea of people walking by and by their believed death is very extreme thinking in a world that seems normal.The writing style of Edgar Allan Poe shows the writer to be of a dark nature. In this story, he focuses on his fascination of being buried alive. He quotes, To be buried alive is, beyond question, the most terrific of these ghastly extremes which has ever fallen to the lot of untainted mortality. page 58 paragraph 3. The dark nature is reflected in this quote, showing the supernatural side of Poe which is reflected in his writing and is also a characteristic of Romanticism. Poe uses very much detail, as shown in this passage, The face assumed the usual pinched and sunken outline. The lips were of the usual marble pallor. The eyes were lusterless. There was no warmth. Pulsation had ceased. For three age the body was preserved unburied, during which it had acquired a stony rigidity. page 59 paragraph 2. The descriptive nature of this writing paints a vivid picture that intrigues the reader to use their imagination and visualize the scene presented in the text. This use of imagery ties with aspects of Romanticism because of the nature of the descriptions Poe uses. Describing the physical features of one who seems dead is a horrifying perspective as not many people thing about the aspects of death.The mind is a very powerful tool when it is exploited to think about situations out of the ordinary. Des cribing in vivid detail the conditions of one after his, her, or its death associates the mind to a world that is filled with horrific elements of a dark nature.

I Wish to Pursue an MS Degree in Electrical Engineering :: Graduate Admissions Essays

I Wish to Pursue an MS Degree in Electrical Engineering During my senior course of instruction at Purdue University, I made a decision that has impacted the entire course of my education. While my classmates were making definite decisions about their career paths, I chose to tool a five-year plan of development and growth for myself. I designed this plan in order to examine various careers that I thought might stake me, as well as to expand upon my abilities at the time. As I was attaining a BS degree in Electrical Engineering, I decided to point primarily on fields related to the VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integrated) circuits area. My main goals were either to gain work experience or to further my education by move an MS degree in Electrical Engineering (MSEE). I saw an opportunity to both work and learn through employment at Xilinx Inc. run as a product engineer at a successful, high-tech semiconductor company has enabled me to utilize my technical and interpersonal skills in new and dispute ways. The position has likewise leave aloneed me to interact with a multitude of departments including marketing, integrated circuit (IC) design, software/CAD development, manufacturing, reliability, accounting, and sales. I thus have gained an array of experience that increase beyond the parameters of my own responsibilities. In the workplace, I rely heavily upon the interpersonal techniques I developed as a counselor in a Purdue hallway hall, as well as the organizational skills I had acquired through holding various leadership positions in cultural and engineering societies. I have also cultivated an interest in high-technology marketing that has continued to grow throughout my career. My experiences with Xilinx have heightened my hunger for knowledge in the VLSI field. Two months after joining the corporation, I applied to several part-time programs in the vicinity that would allow me to acquire an MSEE degree within two to three years. San Jose State see med an ideal choice, for its evening MSEE courses would allow me to pursue two independent, full-time positions concurrently. The San Jose program has complimented my Xilinx duties well both demand large levels of energy and enthusiasm while guiding me to my ultimate goal a high degree of education in VLSI sciences. The resources that I poured into both endeavors have reaped many gains. I have been promoted to a Product-Yield Engineering position within Xilinxs unwashed Grain Static Memory (CGSM) Product Engineering division.

The Big Move to College Essay -- Personal Experience Narratives

The Big Move to College Moving away from home has been 1 of the biggest challenges that I engage had to confront so far in the eighteen years of my life. Moving from my home town to the collge dorm was a difficult diversity that was necessary for growing up both mentally and physically as an individual. The little more than five hundred miles that separates me from my friends and family has allowed me to become the person I am today, and the distance allows me to grow and become more familiar with things that are a whole rude(a) experience for me. One of the many new things that I constitute had to deal with was making new friends in my environment. As I drove away from my house on the morning of August 20th 2005, not single was I saying goodbye to my own room and bathroom, but I was also saying goodbye to my family and friends. I just left my house, and had not do it to the freeway that was less than five minutes away from my house when the tears began to form in my blue eye s, and in no time they were falling gobble up my cheeks and splashing into my lap. While driving on the freeway for what seemed like only a few minutes, I realized that I would this instant have to face the fact that I am now old enough, and hopefully mature enough, to withstand college in a different state. I turned on loud, prompt music to distract me from all the doubts and fears I had about college. Eventually I began to think less and less of all the worries I had and more about the new life and friends I would soon have because of this experience. When we arrived at Northern Arizona University, my mom and I made several trips from both of our cars to the room that I would now call my own. Finally, when we were both breathless and tired, she told me that sh... ... state. At first, the transition was tough, but through a simple dinner with girls from my hall, my college experience was made that much better. We all have the pair of freshmen, Megan and Amber, to t hank for bringing our whole hall together through the trip to Oreganos for dinner. Little did we know at the time, that we would end up being the scoop up of friends in a matter of weeks. Months later, we all remain close and we know we can trust each other with our deepest, darkest secrets, and even our lives. Although we do have our quarrels formerly in a blue moon, when anyone has a problem with another person, the problem is settled in a matter of minutes. I am so flag that I was given the opportunity to meet Megan, Renee, Kaycee, Amber, Kara, Arika, Liz and Leah. I believe we will all stay in touch through trials and tribulations during and after college.

Rome :: Roman Culture Rome Military History Essays

Rome The Greeks, after their country had been reduced into a province, imputed the triumphs of Rome, not to the merit, but to the FORTUNE, of the republic. The inconstant goddess, who so blindly distributes and resumes her favours, had now consented (such was the lecture of envious flattery) to resign her wings, to descend from her globe, and to fix her firm and immutable throne on the banks of the Tiber.1 A wiser Greek, who has composed, with a philosophic spirit, the memorable history of his own times, deprived his countrymen of this vain and delusive comfort by opening to their view the deep foundations of the greatness of Rome.2 The fidelity of the citizens to each other, and to the state, was confirmed by the habits of education and the prejudices of religion. Honour, as easily as virtue, was the principle of the republic the ambitious citizens laboured to deserve the solemn glories of a triumph and the ardour of the Roman youth was kindled into active emulation, as often as t hey beheld the domestic images of their ancestors.3 The temperate struggles of the patricians and plebeians had finally established the firm and equal balance of the constitution which united the freedom of popular assemblies with the authority and intuition of a senate-and the executive powers of a regal magistrate. When the consul displayed the standard of the republic, each citizen bound himself, by the obligation of an oath, to draw his sword in the cause of his country, till he had discharged the sacred duty by a military service of ten years. This wise institution continually poured into the field the rising generations of freemen and soldiers and their numbers were reenforce by the warlike and populous states of Italy, who, after a brave resistance, had yielded to the valour, and embraced the alliance, of the Romans. The sage historian, who excited the virtue of the younger Scipio and beheld the ruin of Carthage,4 has accurately described their military administration thei r levies, arms, exercises, subordination, marches, encampments and the invincible legion, superior in active strength to the Macedonian phalanx of Philip and Alexander. From these institutions of peace and war, Polybius has deduced the spirit and success of a people incapable of fear and impatient of repose. The ambitious design of conquest, which might have been defeated by the seasonable conspiracy of mankind, was attempted and achieved and the perpetual violation of justice was maintained by the semipolitical virtues of prudence and courage.

Ivanhoe :: Essays Papers

Ivanhoe Ivanhoe Written by Sir Walter Scott Narrative Text Structure Characters Wilifred of Ivanhoe Maurice De Bracy King Richard Black Knight Prince John robin redbreast Hood Locksley Isaac of York, the Jew Cedric the Saxon Lady Rebecca, daughter of Isaac of York Sir Brian de Bois-Guilbert Lady Rowena Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Wamba, the jester Sir Philip Malvoisin Gurth, servant to Wilifred of Ivanhoe Templar Friar Tuck Location England, more specifically- In that winning district of nipping England which is watered by the river Don there extended in ancient condemnations a large forest covering the greater parts of the pleasant town of Doncaster. The remains of this extensive woods are still to be seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of Wharncliffe Park, and around Rotherham. -Ivanhoe, Sir Walter Scott Time A period of time toward the end of the reign of Richard I, which las ted from 1157-1199 AD Protagonist Robin Hood Locksley Goal To defeat Prince John and have him exiled or executed Antagonist Prince John, Maurice De Bracy, and Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Problem De Bracy and Front-de-Boeuf sire Cedric the Saxon and all the people traveling with him and the household of Isaac the Jew, with whom was Wilifred of Ivanhoe Climax When Locksley announced that he was Robin Hood to King Richard Resolution Richard is restored to the throne and Prince John is presumptuousness what he deserves Plot There is to be a jousting match and other such games sponsored by Prince John.

Ivanhoe :: Essays Papers

Ivanhoe Ivanhoe Written by Sir Walter Scott Narrative Text Structure Characters Wilifred of Ivanhoe Maurice De Bracy King Richard Black ennoble Prince John Robin Hood Locksley Isaac of York, the Jew Cedric the Saxon Lady Rebecca, daughter of Isaac of York Sir Brian de Bois-Guilbert Lady Rowena Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Wamba, the jester Sir Philip Malvoisin Gurth, servant to Wilifred of Ivanhoe Templar Friar Tuck Location England, more specifically- In that loving district of merry England which is watered by the river Don there extended in ancient times a large forest covering the great parts of the pleasant town of Doncaster. The remains of this extensive woods are still to be seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of Wharncliffe Park, and around Rotherham. -Ivanhoe, Sir Walter Scott Time A period of time toward the end of the reign of Richard I, which lasted from 1157-1199 AD Protagonist Robin Hood Locksley Goal To defeat Prince John and have him exiled or executed opponent Prince John, Maurice De Bracy, and Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Problem De Bracy and Front-de-Boeuf capture Cedric the Saxon and all the people traveling with him and the household of Isaac the Jew, with whom was Wilifred of Ivanhoe Climax When Locksley announced that he was Robin Hood to King Richard Resolution Richard is restored to the bay window and Prince John is given what he deserves Plot There is to be a jousting match and other such games sponsored by Prince John.

Cookridge Ltd Essay

Inkwell is a Public limited follow and was established in 2003, seven years agone by two of its three controlling shargonholders, capital of Minnesota Farnon and Victoria Dawson. Two years ago Anil Gupta bought into the company and joined the board as pay theater director. The company has its head office and w atomic number 18ho expenditure on the industrial estate in Birmingham, where the vigilance team and account department resides, including a large primal w behouse. 4.2 The p arentage was set up to offer a part exchange facility online accessible 24 bits a day or physic all toldy subscribe to them into one of the 60 shops, and supplies a complete range of re-manufactured inkjet and toner cartridges through nationwide spicy street shops. Its main competitors are providers in the cartridge supplier firmament in UK. Its main inseparable stakeholders are itsBoard of Directors, being the investors and escaper of the organization. Employees, they are the workers of the or ganization in various departments to run its operations in topic for a salary. Its external stakeholders are itsSuppliers, these are the people that provide the supplies of re-manufactured inkjet and laser toner cartridge after it has been refilled. Customers that pay on cash, order online, or acquire at one of the nationwide network of shops. These customers account for 80% of Inkwell Limited revenue. Government of UK, they are interested in the performance of the transaction in order to be able to amass the taxes on the profit levels. 4.4 The shareholders are still heavily involved in the day to day operations with Paul Fernon as Managing Director with 40% shares with the largest share, Victoria Dawson as gross revenue Director with 30% shares and Anil Gupta as Finance Director with 30% shares. A hooked Accountant Alex Fox has been employed as the first member of the accountant team that reports to Michael OPayne but deliver direct access to the Finance Director as well. 4.5 Inkwell Limited is organized into departments and has an equivalent of 180 employees includingthe business relationship department see Appendix on page for a structured chart. abstract and evaluating the dustStructure and Function5.1 The Company Accountant is Michael OPayne whos responsible for the running of the report department. The first member of the accounts team is Alex Fox with some other 5 full time staff. 5.2 The computerized establishment in the head office is an integrated system which is linked between the several(predicate) accounting starts. While in other 60 shops they are on a stand-alone basis and data and information are stored separately. 5.3 The different section of the department, its staff and responsibilities General journal and Inventory- Michelle Labelle account clerk. amenable for entering relevant data into the general ledger, keep financial control over companies inventories. Purchase ledger- Liana Khan accounts clerk. Responsible for liaisi ng with suppliers and other associated transactions. Sales ledger- Greg Morris accounts clerk. Responsible for renting with customers and other associated transactions. Costing- Alan Cook wooing technician. Responsible for dealing with input costs and other associated transactions. Payroll- Sharon Ward, BA (Hons) is a personnel database and wage clerk. Responsible for preparing monthly salaries and wages for all the employees and all associated transactions and second is to maintain the personnel database. 5.4 The accounting functions in expatiate areProcessing and introduceing of the financial transactions of the credit customers and credit suppliers of the different sections in the accounts department. Preparation of management informations on credit sales, credit barter fors, costing and payroll associated returns and documents. 5.5 Michelle Labelle in the general ledger and scroll function Enters all data requiring input directly into companys cash book and its lilliputia n cash imprest system and keep financial control over the companys inventories. If inventories get above three days holding in any shop Michelle has to border and get justifications for the variance. 5.6 Liana Khan in the purchase ledger functionMakes sure that all suppliers invoices and credit notes are entered into theAccounts Payable Ledger, and for Subsequently transcription the payments to suppliers.5.7 Greg Morris in the sales ledger functionUses a credit reference chest of drawers to watch that potential new credit customers have no annals of poor payments. Checks any new customer who applies is always given a line of credit after this trial period. 5.8 Alan Cook in the costing functionUses a target costing access, working forth what the cost of each component such as ink or plastic, and Supplies management with the monthly basis, andAdvises management of variances from target.5.9 Sharon Ward in the payroll and personnel database function Operates the companys two pay rolls prepares the pay slips from the rotas prepared by the managers for the staffs. The salaries staffs are paid monthly on the last working day of the month using the Bankers Automated Clearing governing body (BACS). 6 Review of the accounting system6.1 disgrace Keeping SystemA business needs an in force(p) and manageable go intokeeping system. This is why in the business environment with regulated accounting structures, it is vital that organizations have the necessary takes of essay to support business operations. All transaction is electronically and manually processed to be made accessible. The necessity to provide access to interpreted information is crucial. These are informations relating to the different accounting function, such as PurchaseSalesPayrollCash and BankingRecord keeping systems are utiliseTo bust support the performance of the organization activities and enable interrupt decision making all throughout the structure of the organization. To make sure that information is operational for rising or current processes, and helps also in the improving and upgrading of the manual or computerized processes. To address any future issues that may arise internally orexternally, such as fraud, lawsuits and other an-ethical accusations. To support the employees in the different functions of the business to be to a greater extent than efficient, productive in the accuracy of delivering the work. Records which are processed and made available are thus utilize to produce other financial reports. Michelle Labelle in the general ledger and inventory function record and process the different inventory, suppliers data to make available information on SuppliersCost pricesSelling pricesProfit marginsRe-order level and quantitiesThe data is used to contend the overall cost of inventory, purchase and how much owed to better plan for future costs. Greg Morris in the sales ledger function processes the cash, cheques and other financial data to che ck off that information is available on demand for CustomersSelling pricesBad debtAmount customers owedThis information is used for different purposes such as it is used by the debt collection agency for the collections of debt. The use of computerized recording system is more efficient than paper base. This is collect to because the use of paper base recording system is more likely to produce errors then having a computerized format that data is just inputted in. Using a computerized system is slight costly and time consuming. 6.2 Internal System of ControlFor an organization to have efficient and effective operation of its activities, internal system of control influences is used by the management in place to ensure that the organization achieve its goals. This is where policies and procedures deal in place to establish an internal control system to maximize the detection of frauds and errors, and to minimize their occurrence also. Existing internal system of control in Inkwel l limited areSupervision of the accounts office by a Company Accountant and Senior accounts member. A staff rota is prepared by the managers to ensure adequate staff coverage for all the opening hours of their shops. An information engine room policy exists which sets out rules relevant to securing the computer systems. The computer system throughout the company is password protected. Company cheques are required for authorization by the three directors & company accountant and other financial documents for approval. Reconciliation of the purchased stock against recorded inventory level. Purchases duties are segregated to minimize the run a risk of fraud. A credit rating agency is used to ensure that potentially new credit customers have no history of poor payments. Policy for dealing with non-payment of debt exists, and its state out the actions and procedure. Cheques and cash from customers are kept in office safe until it is banked. Internal control that is lose or can improve isCompany policies and procedures.Disciplinary measure to breach of policy or miss conduct.Management supervision.Segregation of duties round Recruitment proceduresStaff training and Continual master Development.Restriction on accessing of computer systems.Enforcement on Computerize backup of financial documents.Retention and disposal of records throughout the business.Accounting sample and procedures.Risk assessment.Liquidity management.Verification and checks of accounting data.List of authorized access.Checks relating to wages paid outCredit control system.6.3 FraudFraud is the use of double-dealing with the intention of obtaining an advantage, avoiding an obligation or causing loss to someone else or to anorganization this is the general definition of fraud. It is an unfortunate fact of life and comes in many an(prenominal) forms and is recognized as a criminal activity in many countries including UK. Possibility and opportunity of fraud within Inkwell limited is possible d ue to the internal control is not efficient, efficacious, being deficient and the opportunity of fraud is there for the taking. Fraud covers a wide range of area criminal activity. super acid types of fraud areTheft Dishonestly taking someone elses property.False accounting Dishonestly destroying, defacing, concealing or falsifying an accounting record for personal gain or to cause loss to someone else. Bribery and corruption taking or giving a bribe that might trance the actions of others. Deception Obtaining property, money, services or evading liability by deception Methods that can be used to detect fraudFraud can be detect by the experience manager by simple observation and through experience and also through a robust internal control system. almost sigh can include Employees acting suspiciously looking shifty and hiding paperwork Employees with higher levels of spending than you would expect from their income Employees working long hours and taking less than the normal holiday entitlement. Employees who have a grudge against the organization.Employees who are known to be short of money.The usage of the internet to for online sale is also at risk of fraud, since customers give account and Credit Cards details to pay their debts. Card fraud transaction can be detected by using vexation rules. Opportunity and Potential areas of risk of fraud taking place are 3000 worth(predicate) of a particular make of cartridge was unaccounted for during reconciliation of inventory with purchase order. Goods not appearing on the warehouse inventory record.Cash and cheques are entered manually which can be easily be subject to false accounting Complaints on wages being underpaidOnly one staff operates and have access to payroll system wishing of written instruction manualComputer are not logged out and locked when not in use.No system in place for warehouse or administrative employees to record and know the time they arrive and when they leave the office The us age of debit or credit card detail by customers over the internet to pay. 6.4 Working Methods and PracticesThe working methods used in Inkwell Limited areComputers are attributed to each staff whether part-time or fulltime to work on. The computer systems are run on an integrated network, with all PCs linked to two printers in the department. Every shop has PCs and printers of its own.Microsoft office excel spreadsheets is used in the accounting system for recording of the different data. All computers use Windows Vista operating system and loaded with Microsoft office 2007 consisting of 80-user operating license, and one new computer loaded with Sage Payroll software system to unable(p) payroll and personnel system to be run in-house. Internet access is available on any computer with Mozilla Firefox as web browser. give-and-take is used on the computers.Large trade customers are put on a cash-with-order basis for the first three months of business. A credit reference agency is used potentially new customers have no history of bad credit. All cash and cheques are removed from the till, leaving a float of 50 cash in each for the start of the next day. Staff salaries are paid monthly using the Bankers Automated Clearing System (BACS). Prepared by the wage clerk, signed by the Company Accountant and banked on 24th of each month. The methods and practices can be improved in the questAll 60 computers at the shops operate on a stand-alone system. Excel Spreadsheet being used for recording accounting data.Debt collection agency being used to collect bad debt is expensive. Password used for the computers.The removal of all cash and cheques, from the individual tills are notpracticed. Backing up of computerized data.6.5 TrainingTraining is essential for every personnel of an organization, as it improve the ability of the staff to perform its work and therefor reducing the amount of errors and hired part time staff used to perform tasks that cant be done inside the organization. This is why every staff must get the opportunity to continue their professional suppuration and be skilled to perform the task at hand. Inkwell Limited does not have the proper policy and systems in place to encourage employees to be enrolled in a part time or full time course, unless they take it on themselves to address the issue to the management. Benefits of trainingStaffs are updated to the accounting warning and regulations. They will be motivated to work and be more efficient due to possibility of a promotion or career opportunity being increased, therefor errors is reduced. Staff will be more skilled to meet the needs of the organization. Professionally regulated staff will be governed by a recognized code of ethics from a professional accountancy body. Will better know how to, manage the time to do the tasks, therefor becoming more flexible and productive. Development of an ethical approach to the work and to employers and clients, acquired by experience a nd training. WEAKNESSES IDENTIFIEDRecord keeping systemNo completion of trial balance, statutory accounts as planned. Window dressing of the accounts.Transaction accounting are not done on a day to day basisAccounting record data entry is not being viewed as apriority by Michael OPayne and Anil Gupta. Having unusual entries found in the general ledger.Errors may occur in inputting data into the computer.Internal System of ControlNo proper recruitment procedures in place to hire staff that has dismiss. The existing policies are not fully followed. This includes the Computers information technology policy, with no proper password, and logging off the computer after use. A lack of internal control for detection and fraud legal profession overlook of segregation of duties.No proper scheduling back up of all IT systems being followed.No proper security for the shops.No policy for data protection.No list of authorized personnel to access certain documents.No follow up control in place to the internal controls being followed.No supervision is done to monitor the signing in and signing out in the business.For the 60 shops, computers run on a stand-alone system.No safety for the proper security procedures in place/security issues relating to debit and credit tease details over the internet (Identity theft). FraudPossibility of fraud is high this may be caused due toNothing is done to ensure working practices undergoes a proper way. Inadequate guidance on how to detect and deal with fraud. clinical depression effectiveness of security systems especially the password which does not improved each time is changed and can be guessed easily. A lack of supervision, monitoring and checks of accounting activities and records kept. Debit and Credit cards usage over the internet for customers to pay their debt can be subject to identity theft. Noncompliance to internal control.Unaccounted Cartridges worth 3500, with no record in inventory. Details of transactions being dele ted in the database, relating to one-off significant payments. Working Methods and PracticesBreach of software and user license for software in use, can bring legal action against the company. No coverage or stead of professional personnel to carry out the work of absent staff. Lack of enforcement of legal requirement trough out the business and working practice is very low due to low standards Liquidity management is very poor.Lack of motivational skills from the directors of the business. No adequate physical controls to ensure the security and safe keeping of the businesses assets so that they do not go missing or are stolen. Working conditions and schedule are not respected by the Directors, having problems prioritizingwork Lack of staffs, causing over working of staffs and no coverage or placement of professional personnel to carry out the work of absent staff. Therefor agencies are hired to do the work, which is costly. Job rotation is not practiced in the organizationA requi red computer program needs to be attributed to these functions Invoicing which is carried out.Data on Excel spreadsheet is manually input.Training more than training is inevitable for operatingQuickcost systemPayroll and personal system Several teething problems experienced with the integrated payroll and personnel database. Need for education is needed forProfessional approach to work.Reliability in terms of competence.How to properly handle a secure credit and debit card transaction. RecommendationRecommendations are done following the various weaknesses identified and mentioned above. Record keeping systemThe management must ensure that the planned working schedule is followed strictly. If problems meeting the targets occur, it should be communicated to the responsible supervisors so proper action can be taken. Working schedule should be adjusted in so that the review of the payments and all other relating transaction are done earlier so that they dont have to window dress. Diff erent task must be prioritized by the management, so that conflict does not occur, were task are neglected. Accounting record data entry must be prioritized by the two organizations directors Michael OPayne and Anil Gupta. The directors must review the benefits that will be gained. Unsure that the proper records relating to the daily business transaction are entered into the general ledger. Verify the data inputted in the computer to ensure that is correct. Internal System of ControlStandard policy and guidelines of hiring staffs should be introduced, pointing out the necessary detailed document that is needed making theprocess more gauzy and reliable. Staffs should be sensitized of the policies in place and know the importance of respecting them. eagernessting up a fraud policy which sets out the way to detect and deal with fraud, throughout the different working procedure and practice. Duties should be segregated, by setting up a system, which when combined, could lead to fraud. The existing policy should be re-enforce, so that the record kept on the computers would be backed up on the server on a regular basis to prevent loss of data instead of doing it once a day. terror systems should be installed for all the shops of the organization, to better protect the business assets from being stolen.Proper policy and procedures should be introduced. The Data Protection Act should be communicated to all staffs, to better protect the companys and the customer Data. A list of authorized personnel should be produced and communicated to the staffs. Staff personnel should be put in weight of verifying that all policies in place are being followed. A logging system should be set up to have a record of who comes in the office and at what time. Such system should be monitored to ensure all staff complies. An integrated network should be set up on a server to connect the computers together with proper licensed software. Safeguards should be implemented on the procedure for transaction involving debit and credit card details provided by the customers. A standard and effective Sage Accounting package should be bought to unable A standard layout of the invoices issued to customers.Enable data to be import and exported from and to Excel spreadsheets. Enable better detection of errors in the different account ledgers. FraudTo reduce the possibility of fraud and make the internal control system fraud resistant, the various techniques should use Accounting activities should be supervised on a regular basis. The records and calculation of financial document should be sampled and checked regularly for errors. Make sure that the fraud policy which will be introduced set out the way to detect and deal with fraud, throughout the different working procedure and practice and to make any adjustment necessary. Managers of the various departments should be given areas of responsibilities and answerability to ensure that fraud is kept to a minimum. Value of a busin ess rule management system (BRMS) approach to fraud detection can be implemented. Business rules can be usedto validate various conditions for detect anomalies that can indicate fraud.Enables institutions to react quickly in their effort to keep pace with fraudsters. Disciplinary measures or penalties should be set up for breaking an internal control or if a staff is practicing fraudulent act. Physical security should be re-enforced, locking up valuable items away, such as cash and cheques. Set up a limit to which a financial transaction should be requiring authorization, by one or more authorized signature. This may range from petty cash or cheques over a certain amount. Doing a regular reconciliation of the accounts to the financial documents to make sure they balance and errors corrected. Management should carry out Risk Assessments as part of the of an effective internal control system. Working Methods and PracticesMake sure that all computers use license software in all the sh ops and departments, monitor that the license are not broken causing legal action to the organization. Adequate number of specialized staffs should be introduced for the coverage of staff that is absent. The business must comply with all relevant External regulations. Such as international accounting standards even government regulation from HMRC. This will aid in raising the standard of working practices. Better management of buying inventory from suppliers. Credit to customers should be reduced. The managers should undergo a management course, to learn how to better manage their business, motivate their employees through training, giving out bonuses, paying for overtime and other incentives. All assets should be recorded and proper management of the assets should be put in place, to know the life cycle. Directors should produce an effective working schedule, reducing the stress on employees. Adequate number of specialized staffs should be introduced for the coverage of staff that is absent. learn an effective rota to unable the staff to rotate to different accounting functions in the organization. A standard and effective Sage Accounting package should be bought to unable A standard layout of the invoices issued to customers.Enable data to be imported and exported from and to Excel spreadsheets. Enable better detection of errors in the different account ledgers. TrainingMore training should be provided forQuick cost systemPayroll and personal systemTo ensure that staff has the necessary skills and knowledge to be more effective and reliable in their work, in terms of competence Staffs Training should be invested in by the management, to better handle the daily tasks. Including Debit & Credit cards transactions This should include internal or external training courses for using any newly introduced accounting package. Telephone support lines made available by the software provider. Workshops on the improvement of staffs communications skills. Cost benefit an alysisImprovement Recommended Cost of Time BenefitsTime spent by manager in Training25 hours 3 25 per hourTime spent by 5 account staff25 hours 5 15 per hourTOTAL TRAINING COST 187518753750 The work output will be more accurate due to the raise of standard. The organization will appear more professional, more efficient, meanings fewer errors and problems. Cost of hiring new Accounting staffs 192000The different responsibilities can be segregated and work will be done faster. Setting up of computers on a network Cost of hardware Installation cost500010006000Access to data will be easier which will speed up the work and save time. New accounting Package Cost of the software Installation cost cost of training the staff 100003000350016500Many deed operations will be speeded up, save time and reduces wages bill. 9.2 To carry out a Risk assessment the management will require 2 hours per month. This will discourage and reduce the risk of fraud in the accounting system by identifying t he areas of the risk of fraud and then setting up a system in place to detect any possibility of fraud and then deal with it, making the system more reliable. AppendicesSWOT AnalysisStrengthsRecord keeping systemUsing an archiving computer package to store full accounting records. Easy access to past exact copy of company accounting transactions. Sage Payroll software was loaded in the accounts department to enable the new payroll and personnel system to be in house. Excel spreadsheets are used for maintaining the inventory information. Integrated General, Accounts payable and Accounts Receivable set of ledger principal financial accounting system. Internal system of controlAn information technology policy exist which sets out rules relevant to securing the computer systems. The computer system throughout the company is password protected. A credit rating agency is used to ensure that potentially new credit customers have no history of poor payment. Value of a business rule manageme nt system (BRMS) approach to fraud detection benefits The performance of the rules is high enough to provide real-time detection of anomalies based on several criteria, including multiple sources, transaction values, card-use frequency, merchant and mend of the charges. If implemented new detection policies can be activated in hours, instead of months, helping to reduce lost revenue and increase customer mirth and provides safety in online transaction.

Interior and Exterior Concepts of Visual Merchandising Essay

visual swop is the art of implementing effective design ideas to increase store traffic and sales volume. ocular merchandising is known to be silent sell, in the sense that the product should sell itself. It is each about delivering good node service to enhance the flummox in store. There atomic number 18 many tactics and techniques for visual merchandising which be all linked to the physiological ways of the consumer argon buying behaviours. Visual merchandising is very important to retailers because it shows how well they know the consumer, it will increase their foot extend in store and their sales if they get it right.It is important because its about creating the right experience to make them want to come back and buy things when in store. I will be looking at visual merchandising of three stores. The three stores I allow chosen are Bank, JD sports and Farm and Pet gift. Bank Bank has a target market of 15-25, they pass on the latest branded fashion and the compet itors are arcadia group. JD Sports JD sells the latest sportswear for their target market of sports enthusiasts. Their competitors are JJB sports and Sports direct. Farm and Pet Place Farm and Pet place provide farm and get goods to its target market of farmers and pet owners.Its main competitors are pets at home and wynnstays. Findings Location & Visual Merchandising There are three types of locations for retailers these are * Primary * Secondary * Anchor As the primary location is the main, they are town or city, it is important the retailer makes the store raise out compared to its competitors. Retailers in a primary location usually live with standard visual merchandising. The substitute location is the quieter res publica of the towns and cities far away from main facilities and amenities this is why there is less foot flow than a primary location.There is normally not a lot of space for retailers to investigate with their visual merchandise and the retailers located in th e due southary location usually have poor visual merchandising as they follow procedure kinda of being creative as they begettert have a big budget. An anchor store is a store within a precinct or on a high street with large overheads it attracts well known retailers who have the pulling factor to bring other retailers to the area. An anchor store retailer will have a very large budget to be able to become creative with their visual merchandising this why they usually have very food visual merchandising.Bank store in Llandudno is in a secondary location, so is Farm and Pet place and JD sports. Bank and JD are both in outlet centres therefore they have a lot of foot flow even though its just a secondary location. I think that Farm and Pet place are situated in a place where there isnt much foot flow youd go there because you knew about it. Purpose Built or Interior Buildings Whether a retailer has decided to buy a previously have building or buy a pop the question create buildi ng, it affects the visual merchandising as every building has a different shape.If retailers buy a purpose create building they will have an advantage as theyre much better for visual merchandising because of the shape and the height, it is more suited. The purpose built buildings have considered the needs of the visual merchandising. For the inherited buildings it is not as easy as some of them are listed therefore the shop front housenot be changed, so if a retailer wanted to have a fancy shop front they could not because the building mountainnot be changed. Also they are genuinely narrow and long therefor it is really cramped spacing to visual merchandise it limits how much you are able to do.Even though purpose built buildings are more costly they are more cost effective in the long run. Bank has a purpose built building, however they havent taken full advantage of it because they have a false ceiling which could be potential selling space but its been bony because they r ushed getting the store open. The Farm and Pet place also have a purpose built building which they too havent taken full advantage of as they have windowpanes in their store exclude the glass in the entrance doors.JD has purpose built buildings and they have taken full advantage of their purpose built store as they have put everything to its use. It has two floors, one for clothes products and the upper level footwear selling space. Store Architecture The design indicates the size and prestige of the retailers operation. The use of materials will create different images and effects within the store. As I have mentioned in the above paragraph about listed buildings, retailers are unable to change them to suit the ways of their visual merchandising as they cannot be structurally altered.As all three of the retailers I have chosen have purpose built stores they should be able to store and suit their store to the type of visual merchandising they may have, it should work in their adva ntage however in these cases it realisems to not work as an advantage as they have poor visual merchandising displays. Farm and Pet place have no windows even though there store is purpose built so they could change it they havent therefore they have window displays to encourage spate to go into the store.Even though JD have ken full advantage of the space of their purpose built store they dont use their window space properly as they have little displays and Bank havent used their second floor and arent very creative with their displays. Fascia The fascia of a store is what identifies the store and attracts attention from the public. They also are what able customers to identify the store, what is interchange and where the retailer is located. Here are three types of fascia * Straight Flat Format * Side Hanging Format * Raised Front FormatThe not bad(p) flat format can only be seen from the front of the shop I feel this this isnt the best option for a fascia as it doesnt stand o ut very well they usually use these formats in precincts. The side hanging fascia are usually used in high streets, they are quite affective as customers can see it from both directions, creating more attention. The raised front format is usually illuminated and can be seen from far away I feel this is good as it creates a lot of attention from people walking past or people passing in cars.Many retailers tend to take a safe approach to their logo for example just using a black and ovalbumin colour scheme, this is not a good approach as the store doesnt stand out and it may lose out to other competitors. It is replicated end-to-end the store. Bank and JD have raised front format but Farm and Pet place has a straight flat format, Bank stores sign lights up as does JD which makes it visible to customers in the dark but Farm and Pet Place dont have a sign that lights up. As is their window isplays in Bank and JD they have timing for the lights to go on and off at appropriate times but because Farm and Pet Place dont have any windows, as they are a warehouse, they dont need timed lights. All three retailers have their brand displayed by the fascias. I think as a recommendation to them all they should invest in side hanging fascia this makes it harder for customers to overlook the store because they havent seen the sign. As a personal recommendation to Farm and Pet Place they should light up their sign and invest in windows to display their merchandise.The Importance of the shop class Format This is the first part of the store which the customers see, this is where they create there first impression therefore it is important to get it right. There are three recognized types of shop front these are * The Straight Front * The Angled Front * The Arcade Front The straight front is for shops that run parallel to the street with infinitesimal entrance this is hard for retailers with visual merchandising as they have small spaces to work with to be able to make their shop front stand out. This makes it harder to deal with competitors.The angled front enables shops to create a more attractive and interesting front this helps direct customers into the store. It also creates a better viewing angle and can reduce the glare on the window making everything more visible. The arcade front is straight with several recessed window and entrances this provides the shopper with a protected area for window shopping drawing them in and creating a more relaxed atmosphere. The Importance of Window Displays The window displays an important part of visual merchandising as this is what entices the customer into entering the store.In order to pull the customers into the store is through window dressing, it needs to grab the customers attention it only takes 3 seconds for a customer to gain an impression. There are two types of window displays these are * Simplistic * Artistic The UK retailers have tended to stick to the simplistic look for their window displays ex cept for the bigger stores such as Harrods as they have a lot of money to spend. The purpose of the window displays is to represent a small sample of merchandise the store holds and to enforce their corporate image they are also to be informative to the customers.Informative window displays provide information to customers for example as we have had the Olympics back in 2012, the theme of their window may be based around that theme. The fact that they were themed displays around the Olympics meant that they would be tackling two things at once because you are meant to display them in an informative way. As Farm and Pet Place dont have a window they cannot display window displays and customers cannot see anything they see in store they actually have to go into the store this may put customers off as a lot of customers like to window shop.Bank fashion has a very simple window display, it shows what offers they have but they dont show many products displayed in their window, so to adv ance they could think about extending the window space to display more products to show their range that they stock in store and be more creative. JD Sports dont have a good window display, they display barely any products and a few pairs of footwear, it doesnt look appealing to customers therefore they wont go into the store because of the window display.

A Textual Analysis and Response to: In Memory of Zoe Yalland and Tortoise

Both poems represent pitiful in the twentieth century, albeit different types. Both be withal written in blank verse. This allows the germ to write using a real flexible form not being hampered in the expression of idea or syntactic structure by the need to rhyme.The title In Memory of Zo Yalland is stating clearly that this is a memorial to the lady however, this does not mean that it is an obituary. Although it is written afterwards her death I dont necessarily see it as an obituary, rather more of an epitaph, and a bitter one at that. Obituaries atomic number 18 generally very generous in their remembrance of the deceased. They usually describe their life and the contributions they made to it, paint a pretty picture of how loved they were and how lamentably missed theyll be. This poem is totally contrary to the norm as regard to obituaries. I see this written on a tomb, as if to say, Look here lays a young woman, who during her life suffered a great deal. Go live your life to the full, savour each moment, love those around you, for you know not what tomorrow brings.Tortoise is a different title altogether. It is written in the same con textbookbook as the verse, ambiguously and metaphorically. Initially you believe that the verse is literally about a tortoise, until you come to realise that the author is using a clever play on linguistic communication. As you read on you find yourself analysing the text, struggling to understand what the author is tall(prenominal) to say, which is totally contrary to In Memory of Zo Yalland. While Zos poem is straight talking and to the point, Tortoise is ambiguousZos poem is weighed d receive with mental and physical anguish, the torturing of mind and body. It represents the struggles of every daylight life against society and disease. The text used is very harsh, no frills, the author has told it worry it is. This is a poem that could be written for so many and yet I feel that this is personal to the auth or. I believe Zo was close to him and he is airing his anger and frustration at the waste of such a young life. Zo was clearly a person who never found true happiness. It evokes pathos, I felt quite disturbed when I read this.Also you can read Analysis July at the MultiplexTortoise, I feel portrays the story of a soldiers suffering. This is the suffering of a tormented soul, the very suffering of ones spirit. Here is a man who has fought wars, seen comrades suffer and die, and is left but a shell of his former self. He has shut himself away from the world, for its grievances are nothing compared to what he has seen and experienced. He walks around like you or I and yet in his eyes his turmoil is clearly visible. Nothing is important to him any longer he wanders day to day, questioning nothing, existing, and drifting like a forgotten spirit. This poem is brimming with bathos. It made me feel melancholy.Zos poem is quite angrily written. There are undertones of bitterness and regret, maybe these are emotions felt by the author for his subject. Words such as dog shit and nothing do show the harshness of the authors feelings towards her situation. His tone throughout is sad and regretful, with a hint of unfairness he knew an awful lot about her life. It paints a very bleak picture of a young, hopeful, yet very sad life that never quite came up to her expectations. I believe the author is trying to say that we should all care a little more about those around us, to open our eyes and see the reality of life, and to live each day as if it were our last. He is trying to convey the cruelty and unfairness of the world.At first glance the reader of the Tortoise could be totally baffled by the text in this one. It definitely requires further scrutiny to try and understand what the author is trying to say. The text is much more gentle and simple, yet more difficult to understand due to the ambiguity. I believe only the author truly knows the meaning behind Tortoise, it is left up to the reader to interpret it in their own way. Maybe this was the intention. While Zos poem is quite clear to understand Tortoise is open to many interpretations.The text in In Memory of Zoe Yalland is very negative. For modeling no space, no sun, nothing done, boxed in, dragged down and not true. There is also text, which indicates the struggle in her life such as battling, hoping luck could run out more like praying, that with time just staying meant starting to belong. As you read the text in the first verse it draws you into the emotional turmoil that she is experiencing, you are able, quite easily, to relate to her suffering. In the second verse I felt the emotion the author was displaying. He was unmistakably hurting not only at the loss of this woman, but also at the poor hand fate had cruelly dealt her. His words were cutting, as if to shock the reader into recognising the reality of this awful situation.Read alsoCase 302 July in MultiplexThe text of Tortoise in comparison to Zo is quite official, although in a sad way. So he became a sort of miraculous stone suggests that even though he was struggling he overcame his problems and adjusted, even after he had everything shot away. Everything about the poem suggests a gentle surrender to lifes difficulties. You see? is almost like saying, oh well phrases like no question either, no reason to hurry and life is simple, are all positive, but in the context of the poem its as if he has given up, and so, life is no longer difficult. He cant change what has happened, so he just lives with it, inside his shell.In conclusion I found In Memory of Zo Yalland to be a very negative poem with harsh realities and no hope, while Tortoise was more positive and hopeful, although it still cleverly portrayed suffering using a clever use of language. While In Memory of Zo Yalland bore pathos, Tortoise contained bathos. These were two poems both displaying suffering but in entirely different ways.

Bsp Money Supply Policy

Supply of Money There ar several definitions of the supply of money. M1 is narrowest and most usually used. It includes all currency (notes and coins) in circulation, all checkable deposits held at banks (bank money), and all travelers checks. A somewhat broader measure of the supply of money is M2, which includes all of M1 plus savings and magazine deposits held at banks. An even broader measure of the money supply is M3, which includes all of M2 plus large denomination, long-term time depositsfor example, certificates of deposit (CDs) in amounts over $100,000.Most discussions of the money supply, however, are in terms of the M1 definition of the money supply. Banking business. In order to understand the factors that determine the supply of money, one must first understand the role of the banking sphere in the money-creation process. Banks perform two crucial functions. First, they receive capital from depositors and, in return, provide these depositors with a checkable source of currency or with interest payments.Second, they use the funds that they receive from depositors to make loans to borrowers that is, they serve as intermediaries in the borrowing and lending process. When banks receive deposits, they do not keep all of these deposits on hand because they issue that depositors will not demand all of these deposits at once. Instead, banks keep only a fraction of the deposits that they receive. The deposits that banks keep on hand are known as the banks reserves. When depositors withdraw deposits, they are paid out of the banks reserves.The reserve requirement is the fraction of deposits set aside for withdrawal purposes. The reserve requirement is determined by the nations banking authority, a government agency known as the central bank. Deposits that banks are not required to set aside as reserves can be modify to borrowers, in the form of loans. Banks earn profits by borrowing funds from depositors at zero or low rates of interest and using these funds to make loans at higher rates of interest.